London: This article explores the rise of biosynthetics in the textile industry, clarifying misconceptions surrounding their production, properties, and potential. It highlights the importance of collaboration for innovation and sustainability within the industry, culminating in the upcoming Cellulose Fibres Conference 2025 dedicated to this topic.
Biosynthetics, a term that has gained traction in the sustainable textiles conversation, refers to synthetic fibres derived from biological sources. As the urgency for the textile industry to reduce its reliance on fossil-based materials grows, biosynthetics present a viable alternative. However, misconceptions surrounding these materials are prevalent, prompting an effort to clarify their role and properties.
Biosynthetics are defined as bio-based polymer fibres, which can be sourced wholly or partially from renewable resources such as sugar beet, sugar cane, or wood. This challenges the widespread belief that “synthetic” implies a complete lack of natural origin. In fact, these fibres are designed to serve as alternatives to traditional fossil-based synthetics, boasting similar technical and performance characteristics.
A common misconception is that biosynthetics can be created using recycled plastic bottles. This notion is not accurate; while recycled plastic bottles are composed of PET—an abbreviation for polyethylene terephthalate, which is a fossil-based polyester—this process does not render the material biosynthetic. Instead, it is classified as recycled polyester (rPET), a sustainable option but not inherently bio-based.
Another point of confusion relates to the biodegradability of biosynthetics. It is not a given that all biosynthetic products are biodegradable. The ability of a polymer to biodegrade is dictated by its chemical composition rather than its biological source. Although some biosynthetics do possess biodegradable properties, many do not. However, their potential for recycling contributes to a circular system aimed at mitigating environmental impact.
Contrary to the belief that biosynthetics are produced in limited quantities, the reality is quite the opposite. In 2023, global production capacity for bio-based polymers exceeded 4 million tonnes, with over 1 million tonnes specifically allocated to biosynthetics. Given the ongoing investments and innovations in this area, availability is likely to increase in the near future.
Furthermore, the assumption that biosynthetics are categorically superior to polyesters requires nuance. Polyesters encompass both fossil-based and bio-based variants. While certain biosynthetic polyesters can offer sustainability advantages over traditional fossil-derived polyesters, the overall environmental ramifications are contingent upon production methodologies and end-of-life disposal strategies.
Looking ahead, the potential of biosynthetics in sustainable textiles is considerable, yet their full promise can only be harnessed through collaborative efforts within the industry. The upcoming Cellulose Fibres Conference 2025, scheduled for March 12-13 and organised by nova-Institute, will include a dedicated session focused on “Biosynthetics – Replacement for Traditional Synthetic Fibres.” This event aims to foster discussions among experts about the latest advancements, obstacles, and opportunities within the realm of biosynthetics.
As the texture and composition of the textile industry evolves, the dialogue surrounding biosynthetics will likely shape its future directions. The developments in this field represent an intersection of innovation, sustainability, and collaboration.
Source: Noah Wire Services
